宾语从句四大易错点：疑问语序混进从句、时态倒退不会变、could不是过去时、what is the matter特例
引言
宾语从句最容易失分的两处：一是顺手把问句语序抄进从句，二是时态不会"倒退"。这篇把这两类错题一次讲清。
易错点一：疑问语序混进从句
```text
错误示范（把问句原样搬进去）：
I don't know what is your name. ✗
I don't know where does he live. ✗
正确写法（还原陈述语序）：
I don't know what your name is. ✓
I don't know where he lives. ✓
```
```text
原因：陈述句语序 = 主语 + 谓语
what is your name 中 is 在 your name 前，是疑问语序
必须改成 your name is
```
易错点二：时态倒退不会变
```text
主句是过去时，从句要把时态"往后退一步"：
一般现在时 → 一般过去时
现在进行时 → 过去进行时
一般将来时 → 过去将来时（will → would）
现在完成时 → 过去完成时（have/has done → had done）
一般过去时 → 过去完成时
```
```text
They told us that they had known each other for ten years.
（看到 for ten years 想选 have known？主句 told 是过去，必须退一步用 had known）
Tom said he had finished his work.
（看到 already 想选 have finished？主句 said 是过去，用 had finished）
```
易错点三：could 表委婉，不是过去时
```text
Could you tell me where the park is?（不是从句要过去，只是语气客气）
→ 从句仍用一般现在时 is
Could you tell me if it will rain tomorrow?
→ 从句按实际时间用 will rain
```
易错点四：what is the matter 属于固定结构
```text
I don't know what is the matter with you. ✓（正确）
I don't know what the matter is with you. ✓（也正确）
因为 what 在这里既是连接词又是从句主语
the matter 是表语
所以 what 后直接跟 is 不算语序错误
```
实战三步法
```text
第一步：一切——从连接词处把主句和从句切开
第二步：二主——确认从句的主语，检查是否在谓语前
第三步：三时——看主句时态，决定从句时态是否倒退
```
```text
例题：She asked me if I ______ (finish) the report.
→ 主句 asked 是过去时 → 从句用过去完成时 → had finished
```
总结
```text
语序坑：问句语序不能直接搬进从句，主语必须在前
时态坑：主过从必过，现在完成→过去完成，will→would
委婉坑：could 只是客气，从句时态按实际
特例：what is the matter 是正确的
口诀：一切二主三看时
```
```text
今日小抄：
I don't know what your name is.（陈述语序）
Tom said he had finished his work.（现在完成退成过去完成）
Could you tell me where the park is?（could 表委婉）
She asked me if I had finished the report.（主过从必过）
```