抗遗忘单词表科学记忆 · 高效学习

被动语态四大易错点:happen/take place不及物动词无被动、主动表被动sell well、情态动词被动、主动省to被动还原

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引言

被动语态不难,但有几个高频坑:不及物动词不能变被动、有些词主动形式表被动、情态动词被动、主动省 to 被动还原 to。把这四个易错点一次讲透。

易错点一:不及物动词没有被动语态

```text

happen、take place、appear、come true 等不及物动词

不能写成 be done

The accident was happened. ✗ 错误

The accident happened. ✓ 正确

The dream was come true. ✗ 错误

The dream came true. ✓ 正确

```

易错点二:主动形式表被动含义

```text

表示事物本身属性时,用主动形式表被动意思

The book sells well.(这本书卖得好)

This pen writes smoothly.(这支笔写起来顺滑)

The clothes wash easily.(这衣服容易洗)

主语是物,描述属性 → 主动表被动

```

易错点三:情态动词被动

```text

情态动词(can/may/must/should)+ be + done

More trees should be planted.(应该多种树)

The work must be finished today.(今天必须完成工作)

This problem can be solved.(这个问题能解决)

```

易错点四:主动省 to,被动还原 to

```text

使役动词主动句:make sb do(省 to)

变成被动:be made to do(还原 to)

He makes me cry.(他让我哭——主动,cry 无 to)

I am made to cry.(我被弄哭——被动,to cry 还原)

```

易错点五:done 是谓语还是非谓语

```text

被动语态的 done 是句子谓语(有 be 配合)

单独出现的 done 只是非谓语,不能当谓语

The window was broken by Tom.(was broken 是谓语,被动)

The broken window is mine.(broken 作定语修饰 window,非谓语)

```

实战练习

```text

  1. The meeting ______ (take place) yesterday.

→ took place(take place 不及物,无被动)

  1. This kind of book ______ (sell) well.

→ sells(主动形式表被动)

  1. The trees must ______ (plant) in spring.

→ be planted(情态动词被动)

  1. He was made ______ (work) all day.

→ to work(被动还原 to)

  1. The accident ______ (happen) last night.

→ happened(happen 无被动)

```

总结

```text

不及物动词(happen/take place/come true)无被动

主动表被动:sell well / wash easily

情态动词被动:can/must/should + be done

主动省 to,被动还原 to

口诀:不及物无被动,属性主动表被动

```

```text

今日小抄:

The accident happened last night.(happen 无被动)

The book sells well.(主动表被动)

More trees should be planted.(情态动词被动)

I was made to work.(被动还原 to)

```

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