被动语态四大易错点:happen/take place不及物动词无被动、主动表被动sell well、情态动词被动、主动省to被动还原
引言
被动语态不难,但有几个高频坑:不及物动词不能变被动、有些词主动形式表被动、情态动词被动、主动省 to 被动还原 to。把这四个易错点一次讲透。
易错点一:不及物动词没有被动语态
```text
happen、take place、appear、come true 等不及物动词
不能写成 be done
The accident was happened. ✗ 错误
The accident happened. ✓ 正确
The dream was come true. ✗ 错误
The dream came true. ✓ 正确
```
易错点二:主动形式表被动含义
```text
表示事物本身属性时,用主动形式表被动意思
The book sells well.(这本书卖得好)
This pen writes smoothly.(这支笔写起来顺滑)
The clothes wash easily.(这衣服容易洗)
主语是物,描述属性 → 主动表被动
```
易错点三:情态动词被动
```text
情态动词(can/may/must/should)+ be + done
More trees should be planted.(应该多种树)
The work must be finished today.(今天必须完成工作)
This problem can be solved.(这个问题能解决)
```
易错点四:主动省 to,被动还原 to
```text
使役动词主动句:make sb do(省 to)
变成被动:be made to do(还原 to)
He makes me cry.(他让我哭——主动,cry 无 to)
I am made to cry.(我被弄哭——被动,to cry 还原)
```
易错点五:done 是谓语还是非谓语
```text
被动语态的 done 是句子谓语(有 be 配合)
单独出现的 done 只是非谓语,不能当谓语
The window was broken by Tom.(was broken 是谓语,被动)
The broken window is mine.(broken 作定语修饰 window,非谓语)
```
实战练习
```text
- The meeting ______ (take place) yesterday.
→ took place(take place 不及物,无被动)
- This kind of book ______ (sell) well.
→ sells(主动形式表被动)
- The trees must ______ (plant) in spring.
→ be planted(情态动词被动)
- He was made ______ (work) all day.
→ to work(被动还原 to)
- The accident ______ (happen) last night.
→ happened(happen 无被动)
```
总结
```text
不及物动词(happen/take place/come true)无被动
主动表被动:sell well / wash easily
情态动词被动:can/must/should + be done
主动省 to,被动还原 to
口诀:不及物无被动,属性主动表被动
```
```text
今日小抄:
The accident happened last night.(happen 无被动)
The book sells well.(主动表被动)
More trees should be planted.(情态动词被动)
I was made to work.(被动还原 to)
```