主谓一致三大核心考点——of 结构看后面、就近词组看最近、就远短语看开头
引言
主谓一致是小学初中必考语法点,也是很多孩子反复丢分的题型。看到 half of、either...or、as well as 就不知道谓语用单数还是复数。
抖音上一条「英语主谓一致」视频把三大核心考点一次讲透。记住一句口诀就够了。
三大考点口诀
```text
of 结构看后面
就近词组看最近
就远短语看开头
```
考点一:of 结构看后面
half of、the rest of、most of、all of、some of、分数 + of——谓语动词由 of 后面的名词决定:
```text
Half of the apple is bad.(半个苹果坏了。——apple 单数 → is)
Half of the apples are bad.(一半苹果坏了。——apples 复数 → are)
```
```text
Most of the water is clean.(大部分水是干净的。——water 不可数 → is)
Most of the students are here.(大部分学生到了。——students 复数 → are)
```
口诀:所有 of 结构,后面名词说了算。
考点二:就近原则看最近
四组固定搭配:
```text
or
either...or
neither...nor
not only...but also
```
谓语跟着离它最近的主语变化:
```text
Either you or I am going to the store.
(要么你去要么我去商店。——离谓语最近的是 I → am)
Not only you but also he likes music.
(不仅你喜欢,他也喜欢音乐。——最近的是 he → likes)
```
注意:不要看远处的主语,谁离得近听谁的。
考点三:就远原则看开头
看到这些短语,直接忽略中间内容:
```text
as well as
together with
along with
except
```
只看句子最前面的真正主语:
```text
Tom as well as his friends goes shopping.
(Tom 和他的朋友们去购物。——真正主语是 Tom → goes)
The teacher together with the students is in the classroom.
(老师和学生们在教室里。——真正主语是 the teacher → is)
```
注意:中间的名词只是干扰项,不影响谓语。
一张表总结
```text
类型 看哪里 例子
of 结构 of 后面的名词 Half of the apple is bad.
就近原则 离谓语最近的主语 Either you or I am right.
就远原则 句首真正主语 Tom as well as his friends goes.
```
实战练习
```text
- Most of the milk ______ (be) fresh.
→ is(milk 不可数)
- Neither he nor I ______ (be) wrong.
→ am(离得近的是 I)
- The boy with his parents ______ (be) here.
→ is(就远原则,看 the boy)
- Two thirds of the books ______ (be) new.
→ are(books 复数)
```
总结
主谓一致三句话:
```text
of 结构看后面
就近词组看最近
就远短语看开头
```
```text
今日小抄:
Half of the apple is bad. of 后单数 → is
Not only you but also he likes music. 就近 he → likes
Tom as well as his friends goes. 就远看 Tom → goes
```