抗遗忘单词表科学记忆 · 高效学习

指示代词易错点:电话用语This is Mary、介绍人用This is、指代上文用that/it

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引言

指示代词除了"远近单复数",还有三个容易丢分的隐藏考点:电话里怎么说"我是谁"、介绍人为什么用 this、指代刚说过的话用哪个词。一次讲清。

核心概念:电话用语用 this/that

```text

英语打电话,介绍自己用 this,询问对方用 that

不用 I 和 you!

Hello! This is Mary. 你好!我是玛丽。

Who is that? (电话里)你是谁?

```

```text

✗ Hello! I am Mary.

✗ Who are you?

✓ Hello! This is Mary speaking.

✓ Who is that speaking?

```

易错点一:介绍人用 this

```text

向别人介绍某人,用 this,不用 he/she

This is my father. 这是我的爸爸。

This is my teacher. 这是我的老师。

近处介绍身边的人,一律用 This is...

```

易错点二:指代上文用 that/it

```text

已经说过的事物,再次提到用 that 或 it

I like the book. That's a good book.

我喜欢这本书。那是一本好书。

The weather is nice. That makes me happy.

天气很好。那让我很开心。

```

```text

对比:提问用 that 回答

What's that in the sky?

天上那是什么?

It's a plane.

是一架飞机。

```

易错点三:this/that 后接名词的数

```text

this + 名词单数 this book

these + 名词复数 these books

that + 名词单数 that pen

those + 名词复数 those pens

this is(缩略 this's 不常用)

that is → that's(可以缩写)

these are / those are(不能缩写)

```

实战练习

```text

  1. Hello! ______ is Tom speaking. → This(电话自我介绍用 this)
  1. ______ is my mother. → This(介绍身边人用 this)
  1. What's ______ in the sky?→ that(远处事物用 that)
  1. These ______ my books. → are(复数用 are)

```

总结

```text

电话里:this 是自己,that 是对方

介绍人:This is + 人名

指代上文:that / it

单数 is,复数 are,别忘 these/those 后面名词用复数

```

```text

今日小抄:

Hello! This is Mary. 我是玛丽。

Who is that?你是谁?(电话)

This is my father. 这是我的爸爸。

```

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