情态动词表推测五大易错点:mustn't不是不可能、must的必须与一定、反意疑问句、回答用needn't
引言
情态动词表推测的错题,八成踩在这几个坑上:mustn't 当"不可能"、must 的"必须"和"一定"混用、must 引导的反意疑问句写错、回答 must 的提问用错词。逐个拆开。
易错点一:mustn't 不是"不可能",是"禁止"
```text
must be = 一定是
can't be = 不可能是
mustn't = 禁止、不许(不是推测)
错误:
The man over there mustn't be our teacher. ✗
正确:
The man over there can't be our teacher. ✓(不可能是)
mustn't 的正确用法(表禁止):
You mustn't smoke here. 你不许在这里吸烟。
```
易错点二:must 的"必须"与"一定"
```text
must 有两个意思,看语境判断:
表义务(必须):You must take the medicine. 你必须吃药。
表推测(一定):He must be ill. 他一定生病了。
区分方法:后接动作、表要求 → 必须;后接状态、表判断 → 一定
```
易错点三:must 引导的反意疑问句
```text
must 表推测时,反意疑问句不用 must,与后面动词一致
He must be at home, isn't he? ✓(be 动词用 isn't)
He must have finished it, hasn't he? ✓(完成时用 hasn't)
错误:
He must be at home, mustn't he? ✗
```
易错点四:回答 must 的提问
```text
Must I hand in the report now?(我必须现在交报告吗?)
Yes, you must. 是的,必须。
No, you needn't. 不,不必。(不是 mustn't)
No, you mustn't. ✗(mustn't 是禁止,语义完全不同)
```
易错点五:can't 也能表推测
```text
can't 表推测"不可能",可用于陈述句否定推测
That can't be Tom. He is in Beijing. 那不可能是汤姆。
can 表推测只用于疑问句和否定句,没有肯定推测
Can it be true? 这可能是真的吗?
It can't be true. 这不可能是真的。
It can be true. ✗(can 不用肯定推测)
```
实战辨析
```text
- 那男的不可能是我们老师,我们老师去北京了。
→ That man can't be our teacher.
- 你不许在图书馆大声说话。
→ You mustn't talk loudly in the library.
- 他一定在图书馆,我看见他进去了。
→ He must be in the library.
- 明天可能下雨,但我不确定。
→ It may rain tomorrow, but I'm not sure.
```
总结
```text
mustn't = 禁止,不能说成"不可能"
must 表推测时反意疑问句跟后面动词走
回答 Must I...? —— Yes, you must. / No, you needn't.
can't = 不可能是;can 只有疑问和否定推测
口诀:肯定 must,否定 can't,mustn't 是禁止,不必用 needn't
```
```text
今日小抄:
That man can't be our teacher.(不可能是)
You mustn't smoke here.(禁止)
He must be at home, isn't he?(反意疑问跟 be 走)
— Must I go now? — No, you needn't.
```