短暂性动词变延续性动词——buy→have、die→be dead、leave→be away 十组高频转换
引言
现在完成时有一个大坑:短暂性动词不能和一段时间(for 加时间段)连用。
比如"他死了三年了"不能说 He has died for three years,因为 die 是一瞬间完成的动作。要转换成 be dead 表示状态才能加时间段。这就是"短暂性动词变延续性动词",完形、句型转换常考。
什么是短暂性动词
短暂性动词表示瞬间就完成的动作,不能持续:
```text
buy(买)——买这个动作一瞬间完成
borrow(借)——借这个动作一瞬间完成
die(死)——一瞬间的事
leave(离开)——一瞬间的事
```
这些词都不能和 for + 一段时间连用。
10 组高频转换
```text
短暂性动词 → 延续性表达
buy → have(拥有)
borrow → keep(保存)
die → be dead(处于死亡状态)
leave → be away(离开的状态)
come → be here(在这里)
go → be there(在那里)
begin → be on(进行中)
finish → be over(结束了)
open → be open(开着的)
close → be closed(关着的)
marry → be married(已婚状态)
join → be a member of(成为成员)
fall asleep→ be asleep(睡着状态)
```
例句对比
```text
错:He has died for three years.
对:He has been dead for three years.
(他死了三年了。——die 转 be dead)
错:I have bought the pen for three days.
对:I have had the pen for three days.
(我买这支笔三天了。——buy 转 have)
错:My dad has left Tianjin for five days.
对:My dad has been away from Tianjin for five days.
(我爸离开天津五天了。——leave 转 be away)
错:She has borrowed the book for two days.
对:She has kept the book for two days.
(她借这本书两天了。——borrow 转 keep)
```
作文加分句型
句型一:It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时
```text
It is two days since I borrowed the book.
(自从我借这本书已经两天了。)
It is ten years since I came here.
(我来到这里已经十年了。)
```
句型二:It is the first time that + 现在完成时
```text
It is the first time that I have visited the Great Wall.
(这是我第一次游览长城。)
This is the best book that I have ever read.
(这是我读过最好的书。)
```
总结
```text
短暂性动词不能加时间段
buy→have, borrow→keep, die→be dead, leave→be away
作文加分:It is + 时间 + since + 过去时
```
```text
今日小抄:
He has been dead for 3 years. die → be dead
I have had the pen for 3 days. buy → have
It is 2 days since I borrowed it. 加分句型
This is the best book I've read. 加分句型
```