抗遗忘单词表科学记忆 · 高效学习

短暂性动词变延续性动词——buy→have、die→be dead、leave→be away 十组高频转换

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引言

现在完成时有一个大坑:短暂性动词不能和一段时间(for 加时间段)连用。

比如"他死了三年了"不能说 He has died for three years,因为 die 是一瞬间完成的动作。要转换成 be dead 表示状态才能加时间段。这就是"短暂性动词变延续性动词",完形、句型转换常考。

什么是短暂性动词

短暂性动词表示瞬间就完成的动作,不能持续:

```text

buy(买)——买这个动作一瞬间完成

borrow(借)——借这个动作一瞬间完成

die(死)——一瞬间的事

leave(离开)——一瞬间的事

```

这些词都不能和 for + 一段时间连用。

10 组高频转换

```text

短暂性动词 → 延续性表达

buy → have(拥有)

borrow → keep(保存)

die → be dead(处于死亡状态)

leave → be away(离开的状态)

come → be here(在这里)

go → be there(在那里)

begin → be on(进行中)

finish → be over(结束了)

open → be open(开着的)

close → be closed(关着的)

marry → be married(已婚状态)

join → be a member of(成为成员)

fall asleep→ be asleep(睡着状态)

```

例句对比

```text

错:He has died for three years.

对:He has been dead for three years.

(他死了三年了。——die 转 be dead)

错:I have bought the pen for three days.

对:I have had the pen for three days.

(我买这支笔三天了。——buy 转 have)

错:My dad has left Tianjin for five days.

对:My dad has been away from Tianjin for five days.

(我爸离开天津五天了。——leave 转 be away)

错:She has borrowed the book for two days.

对:She has kept the book for two days.

(她借这本书两天了。——borrow 转 keep)

```

作文加分句型

句型一:It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时

```text

It is two days since I borrowed the book.

(自从我借这本书已经两天了。)

It is ten years since I came here.

(我来到这里已经十年了。)

```

句型二:It is the first time that + 现在完成时

```text

It is the first time that I have visited the Great Wall.

(这是我第一次游览长城。)

This is the best book that I have ever read.

(这是我读过最好的书。)

```

总结

```text

短暂性动词不能加时间段

buy→have, borrow→keep, die→be dead, leave→be away

作文加分:It is + 时间 + since + 过去时

```

```text

今日小抄:

He has been dead for 3 years. die → be dead

I have had the pen for 3 days. buy → have

It is 2 days since I borrowed it. 加分句型

This is the best book I've read. 加分句型

```

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