used to do / be used to doing / be used to do——三个长得像的结构,意思完全不一样
引言
used to、be used to doing、be used to do——这三个结构长得几乎一样,意思却完全不同。中考经常考,很多同学一看到就懵。
抖音上一条「谓语与非谓语核心考点」视频从词性角度把它们讲透了。这篇文章帮你一次分清。
三个结构
一、used to do —— 过去常常做某事
```text
used 是动词过去式,to 是不定式符号
```
```text
I used to eat dumplings.
(我过去常吃饺子。——现在不吃了)
He used to live here.
(他过去住这里。——现在不住了)
```
否定:usedn't to / didn't use to
二、be used to doing —— 习惯做某事
```text
used 是形容词(习惯的),to 是介词,后面跟动名词 doing
```
```text
I am used to eating bread for breakfast.
(我习惯早餐吃面包。)
She is used to getting up early.
(她习惯早起。)
```
注意:这里的 to 是介词,后面必须跟 doing,不能跟动词原形。
三、be used to do —— 被用来做某事
```text
be + used(过去分词)→ 被动语态
```
```text
The knife is used to cut bread.
(这把刀被用来切面包。)
Wood is used to make paper.
(木头被用来造纸。)
```
一张表对比
```text
结构 意思 to 的词性 后面跟
used to do 过去常常做 不定式符号 动词原形
be used to doing 习惯做某事 介词 doing
be used to do 被用来做某事 不定式符号 动词原形
```
做题技巧
```text
- 看到 used to + 动词原形 → 过去常常
- 看到 be used to + doing → 习惯做
- 看到 be used to + 动词原形 → 被用来做
```
实战例句
```text
I ______ live in the countryside.
(我过去住在农村。)
→ used to
I am ______ getting up early.
(我习惯早起。)
→ used to
The box is used ______ books.
(这个箱子被用来装书。)
→ to carry
```
总结
三个结构,三种意思:
```text
used to do → 过去常常
be used to doing → 习惯于
be used to do → 被用来
```
```text
今日小抄:
used to swim 过去常游泳
be used to swimming 习惯游泳
be used to swim 被用来游泳(如鱼被用来游泳?不对,应该是be used for swimming)
```